Browsing by Author "Karnik, Neha"

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    A Comparative Analysis of CO2 Emissions in India and Brazil Using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index
    (IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2025-04-22) Karnik, Neha
    Background:Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions related to energy grew by 1.1 percent globally and reached a new height of 37.4 Gt in 2023. In contrast, the Paris Agreement calls for a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. However, the percentage increase in emissions was significantly lower than the growth rate of the world GDP, which was 3 percent in 2023. In 2023, India stood at the third rank in terms of CO2 emissions. The Indian economy grew at a 6.7 percent annual rate, while CO2 emissions rose by 7 percent per annum in 2023 Materials and Methods: The purpose of the study is to use decomposition analysis to quantify the factors drive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ). The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) is used to examine the factors that influence sector-wise CO2 emissions from 2011 to 2021. The drivers of sectoral emissions of CO2 are divided into the population, economic activity, energy intensity, and carbon intensity. Identifying the drivers responsible for CO2 emissions in India and Brazil would help policymakers in determining the areas that require attention. Results: The study finds that in the case of India, population and economic activity effects have been always positive contributors to the sectoral CO2 emissions in India. However, economic growth has the dominant share in the sectoral CO2 emissions. Hence, the study also examined Topio Decoupling Index (2005). The negative energy intensity and carbon intensity effect have shown an improvement in terms of energy use.
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    Developing an effectual model for improving multi-cloud service composition system
    (International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 2025-01-13) Karnik, Neha
    Numerous mathematical concepts have existed previously as practical goods as a result of current technical advancements. Multi-cloud/cloud computing is a relatively recent innovation that is centered on providing services through an internet connection. Consequently, numerous web services possessing identical capabilities become accessible via the Internet; yet, these online services vary concerning quality of service (QoS). Web-based services are required to provide the best possible composition that maximizes user pleasure to satisfy customer inquiries. Therefore, this paper presents an effectual model for improving a multi-cloud service composition system. It is believed that service composition is an NP-hard problem with no established best solution because it is a complicated problem. A novel adaptable dandelion optimization (ADO) technique for service composition is presented in this research. It relies on an optimization of the amount of cloud platforms engaged in the composition procedure and the QoS parameters. The outcomes of the experiment demonstrate that the suggested method performs and is more efficient in resolving the service composition issue.
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    Dynamics of Bilateral Merchandise Trade between India and Pakistan: A Comprehensive Analysis (2001-till date)
    (Journal of the International Economics, 2025) Karnik, Neha; Pandey, Shruti R.
    The objective of the paper is to analyse the bilateral merchandise trade relationship between India and Pakistan during the period 2001 to 2022. The study examines growth, trade concentration and compositional change in the trade basket using UNCTAD trade classification of the products at HS-06. The Herfindahl Index (HI) suggests a trend towards diversification of products exported to Pakistan over time, with some fluctuations and the contribution of the top 10 products provide insights into the concentration of exports, with periods of both high concentration and diversification observed over the 22-year period. The study inferred that a Few sections consistently dominate the export basket. However, the variability across sections and years indicates changing trade patterns influenced by economic, political, and social factors affecting both countries. The study evidently suggests India’s export strategy of moving away from primary commodities and toward more manufactured goods. The study highlights significant changes in India’s import patterns from Pakistan as well. While earlier years showed a more diversified import basket, recent years indicate a strong concentration on a few products. from chemical and allied industries (S-06) and textiles and related articles (S-11) while other sections remain consistently low or fluctuate minimally.
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    India’s Merchandise Trade Integration with Africa: Regional Level Analysis
    (Rabindra Bharati University Journal of Economics, 2023) Karnik, Neha
    The paper tries to examines India’s merchandise bilateral trade with all 55 African countries in the continent at HS-06-digit level during 2011 to 2020. To inspect its composition, the study grouped 55 countries in five sub-regions viz; East Africa, West Africa, South Africa, North Africa and Central Africa. The Study finds India’s merchandise trade with all African regions showcased sluggish growth during the studied period. India is experiencing a decent in exports to its dominant and traditional destination markets from the region. East Africa is the only sub-region which depicts India’s positive merchandise trade balance from the region. There is a high concentration at HS-06 level in the bilateral merchandise trade basket to and from India. Over the period of time, there has been change in the composition of the export basket of India. The study inferred that India’s partnership with most of the African countries is climbing up in building the global value chain to consumer and capital goods. To reap the benefits from the establishment of African Free Trade Area India needs more concrete trade policy initiatives and strong high level strategic dialogues as most of the countries in the region are landlocked.
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    The performance of organised sport manufacturing industries in India
    (International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2025) Karnik, Neha
    This study examines the performance of the Indian sports manufacturing sector from 2011-12 to 2021-22 at the state level with respect to the number of operational factories, number of workers, value of output and gross value added. The organized sports manufacturing industry in India is heavily concentrated in a few states, particularly Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, with significant fluctuations and emerging trends in other states over the period from 2011-12 to 2021-22. Punjab and Uttar Pradesh consistently had the highest shares of workers, total output and gross value added in this industry. Punjab and Maharashtra show highest positive growth rates in GVA, indicating substantial growth in the value added by the sports manufacturing sector in these states. The Lary index (1968) suggest that Delhi, Maharashtra, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh show high and consistent specialization, indicating these regions are key players in the sports manufacturing industry. Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal show low or negligible specialization, indicating a minor role in the industry. The comprehensive policy implications suggest a strategic and multifaceted approach to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through easier access to credit, technology upgrades, and skill development programs and enhance the sports manufacturing sector in India. By promoting large-scale operations, supporting SMEs, encouraging regional balance, investing in workforce development, focusing on key states, and fostering technological advancements, India's new manufacturing policy can drive sustainable growth, create employment opportunities, and strengthen the country's position in the global sports manufacturing industry.